Kuyambira zaka zoposa khumi zapitazo, ena mwa mavinyo oyera a Burgundy adakumana ndi okosijeni asanafike nthawi, zomwe zidadabwitsa osonkhanitsa vinyo.Patatha zaka 10, zizindikiro zayamba kuchepa.Kuchitika kwa zochitika za msangamsanga wa okosijeni nthawi zambiri kumatsagana ndi vinyo kukhala mitambo, kununkhira kochuluka kwa okosijeni mu botolo, pafupifupi kupangitsa vinyo kukhala wosamwa, ndipo chodetsa nkhaŵa kwambiri ndi chakuti chodabwitsa ichi sichidziwika.M'bokosi lomwelo la vinyo, botolo lina la vinyo limatha kukhala ndi okosijeni msanga.Mu 1995, chodabwitsa ichi cha okosijeni chinadziwika koyamba ndi anthu, ndipo chinayamba kukhudzidwa kwambiri mu 2004, zomwe zinayambitsa zokambirana zowopsya ndipo zikupitirizabe mpaka lero.
Kodi opanga mavinyo aku Burgundi amatani ndi okosijeni osayembekezerekawa?Kodi makutidwe ndi okosijeni asanakwane amakhudza bwanji vinyo wa Burgundy?Nawu mndandanda wa momwe alimi amachitira.
Choyamba, yambani ndi chikhomo cha vinyo
Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kupanga vinyo, ochita malonda ochulukirachulukira padziko lonse lapansi akugwiritsa ntchito zoyimitsa vinyo zambirimbiri pofuna kuti vinyo akhale wabwino, zomwe poyamba zidapangitsa kuti zoyimitsa vinyo zipitirire kufunika kwake.Pofuna kukwaniritsa zomwe akufunikira, opanga nkhokwe amachotsa khungwa lomwe ankapanga pamtengowo nthawi isanakwane.Ngakhale kuti nkhokweyo ndi yokhwima, khalidwe la nkhuni zomwe zimapangidwira zimachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisawonongeke.funso.Palinso nkhani yomwe oxidation msanga chifukwa cha zovuta za cork idayambitsa mavuto ang'onoang'ono ku Domaine des Comtes Lafon ndi Domaine Leflaive, zifukwa zenizeni zomwe sizikudziwika.
Pofuna kuthana ndi oxidation msanga, amalonda ena a vinyo ku Burgundy adayambitsa DIAM corks kuyambira 2009. DIAM corks amachiritsidwa ndi kutentha kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwambiri pa tinthu ta thundu tomwe timapanga DIAM corks.Kumbali imodzi, zotsalira za TCA muzitsulo za vinyo zimachotsedwa.Kumbali inayi, kuchuluka kwa oxygen permeability kumayendetsedwa mosamalitsa, kotero kuti chodabwitsa cha okosijeni msanga chimachepetsa kwambiri.Kuonjezera apo, vuto la makutidwe ndi okosijeni msanga limatha kuchepetsedwa bwino poonjezera kutalika ndi m'mimba mwake mwa nkhokwe ya vinyo.
Chachiwiri, kuchepetsa mphamvu ya nkhungu
Pa kukula kwa nkhungu, mtundu wa laccase (Laccase) udzapangidwa, womwe mwachiwonekere ukhoza kukulitsa makutidwe ndi okosijeni a vinyo.Pofuna kuchepetsa kukhalapo kwa laccase, winegrowers mu Burgundy mtundu mphesa kwambiri mpaka, ndi kuchotsa kuonongeka ndipo mwina nkhungu zakhudzana mphesa particles, kuti ziletsa kuthekera msanga makutidwe ndi okosijeni m'tsogolo.
Chachitatu, kukolola msanga
Kukolola mochedwa, komwe kunayamba m'zaka za m'ma 1990, kwapangitsa vinyo kukhala wozungulira, wodzaza, komanso wokhazikika, koma ndi kuchepa kwa acidity.Ma wineries ambiri amakhulupirira kuti acidity yapamwamba idzachepetsa kwambiri kupezeka kwa okosijeni msanga.Malo okolola koyambirira ku Meursault samakhala ndi vuto la okosijeni asanakwane.Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, ku Burgundy kukolola kochulukirachulukira kale, ndipo mavinyo opangidwa amakhala osalimba komanso osakwanira, m'malo modzaza ndi wandiweyani monga momwe amachitira kale.
Chachinayi, juicing wamphamvu kwambiri
Makina osindikizira a airbag ndi chisankho choyamba cha winemakers amakono.Imafinya pang'onopang'ono ndikuphwanya zikopa, imapatula mpweya wabwino, imatulutsa madzi mwachangu, ndikupanga vinyo wotsitsimula kwambiri.Komabe, madzi a mphesa anafinyidwa pansi pa kulekanitsidwa kwa okosijeni wathunthu Koma kukulitsa kupezeka kwa makutidwe ndi okosijeni msanga.Tsopano ena wineries mu Burgundy asankha kubwerera ku chimango atolankhani kapena osindikizira ndi amphamvu extrusion mphamvu, kutsatira mwambo ndi kupewa kuchitika msanga makutidwe ndi okosijeni.
Chachisanu, kuchepetsa ntchito sulfure dioxide
Pa lemba lakumbuyo la botolo lililonse la vinyo, pali mawu oti muwonjezere pang'ono sulfure dioxide.Sulfur dioxide imagwira ntchito ngati antioxidant pakupanga winemaking.Pofuna kupanga vinyo wotsitsimula komanso kuteteza madzi a mphesa ku okosijeni, sulfure dioxide yambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito.Tsopano chifukwa chodabwitsa cha msanga makutidwe ndi okosijeni, wineries ambiri kuganizira kuchuluka kwa sulfure woipa ntchito.
Chachisanu ndi chimodzi, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito migolo yatsopano ya oak
Kodi migolo yambiri ya oak ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga vinyo wabwino?Migolo yambiri ya oak, kapena migolo yatsopano ya oak kuti azilimamo vinyo, yakhala yotchuka kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 20.Ngakhale migolo yatsopano ya oak imawonjezera zovuta za kununkhira kwa vinyo pamlingo wina, zochulukira zomwe zimatchedwa "kukoma kwa mbiya" zimapangitsa vinyo kutaya mawonekedwe ake oyambirira.Migolo yatsopano ya oak imakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa oxygen permeability, yomwe imatha kufulumizitsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa makutidwe ndi okosijeni a vinyo.Kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito migolo yatsopano ya oak ndi njira yochepetsera oxidation msanga.
Chachisanu ndi chiwiri, chepetsani chidebe chosakaniza (Batonnage)
Kukondoweza kwa migolo ndi njira yopangira vinyo.Poyambitsa yisiti yokhazikika mu mbiya ya oak, yisiti imatha kufulumizitsa hydrolysis ndikuphatikiza mpweya wambiri, kuti akwaniritse cholinga chopangitsa vinyo kukhala wodzaza komanso wofewa.M’zaka za m’ma 1990, njira imeneyi inalinso yotchuka kwambiri.Pofuna kukwaniritsa kukoma kozungulira, migoloyo inkagwedezeka mobwerezabwereza, kotero kuti mpweya wochuluka unalowetsedwa mu vinyo.Vuto la msanga makutidwe ndi okosijeni zimapangitsa winery kuganizira kuchuluka kwa migolo ntchito.Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa migolo kumapangitsa vinyo woyera wofulidwa kuti asakhale wonenepa kwambiri koma wosakhwima, komanso amathanso kuwongolera zochitika za okosijeni msanga.
Pambuyo pakusintha kwa njira zingapo zomwe tafotokozazi, chodabwitsa cha okosijeni msanga chachepetsedwa kwambiri, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, kugwiritsa ntchito mopitilira muyeso kwa migolo yatsopano yotchuka kumapeto kwa zaka za zana lapitali komanso kalembedwe ka "mafuta" kamene kamakhala koletsedwa. kumlingo wakutiwakuti.Mavinyo amasiku ano a Burgundy ndi osakhwima komanso achilengedwe, ndipo gawo la "anthu" likucheperachepera.Ichi ndichifukwa chake anthu a ku Burgundi nthawi zambiri amatchula kulemekeza chilengedwe ndi terroir.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-30-2023